Breast reconstruction is achieved through various plastic surgery techniques that attempt to restore the breast to its shape, appearance and size after mastectomy.
As etapas do procedimento são:
Step 1 – Anesthesia
Medications are administered for your comfort during the surgical procedure. Options include intravenous sedation and general anesthesia. Your doctor will recommend the best option for you.
Etapa 2 – Técnicas de retalhos com músculo, gordura e pele próprios da paciente para criar ou cobrir o local da mama
Sometimes a mastectomy or radiation treatment can leave insufficient tissue in the chest wall to cover and support the breast implant. The use of breast implants for reconstruction almost always requires one or more flap or tissue expansion techniques.
The TRAM flap uses muscle, fat and skin from the patient's abdomen as donors to reconstruct the breast. The flap can remain with the original blood supply and be tunneled to be positioned in the rib cage or completely separated to form the new breast.
Alternatively, the surgeon may choose DIEP, or SGAP flap techniques, which do not use muscle but rather tissue from the posterior chest or buttock.
The latissimus dorsi flap uses muscle, fat and skin tunneled at the mastectomy site, remaining with its original blood supply.
Occasionally, the flap can reconstruct the breast, but often it provides the muscle and tissue needed to cover and support the breast implant.
Step 3 – Expansion of healthy skin to cover a breast implant
Reconstruction with tissue expansion allows faster recovery than procedures using flaps, however, it is a longer reconstruction process. This procedure requires many visits to the office, for 4 to 6 months, after placing the expander, to inflate it through an internal valve and expand the skin. A second surgical procedure will be necessary to replace the expander, which is not designed to serve as a permanent implant.
Stage 4 – Breast implant placement surgery
O implante mamário pode ser um complemento ou uma alternativa para técnicas de retalhos. Implantes de silicone estão disponíveis para a reconstrução. O cirurgião irá lhe ajudar a decidir qual alternativa é melhor para você. Reconstrução com implantes geralmente requerem expansão de tecido.
Stage 5 – Grafts and other specialized techniques to create the nipple and areola
A reconstrução da mama é finalizada através de uma variedade de técnicas para reconstruir o mamilo e a aréola.
